Intangiriro
Mu bihe nk'ibikorwa bya ascenseur, umusaruro w'inganda, no gutwara ibinyabiziga ari ingenzi mu mutekano w'ubuzima, nubwomikoro hinduraishobora gusa nkaho idakomeye, ikora nk'"umurongo w'ubwirinzi utagaragara". Kugira ngo irebe ko ikora neza muri sisitemu z'ingenzi ku mutekano, inganda zashyizeho amahame akomeye yo kwemeza, zigenzura ko buri switch ishobora kwihanganira ibizamini by'umutekano.
Urugendo rw'umutekano rwa ascenseur ni "bolt" irinda ingendo zo kuzamuka no kumanuka.
Mu muyoboro w'umutekano wa ascenseur,icyuma gifunguza mikoro ni "bolt" y'ingenzi. Iyo urugi rwa ascenseur rudafunze neza cyangwa imodoka irengeje aho ntarengwa, ibisabwaicyuma gifunguza mikoro izahita ihagarika urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi hanyuma itume ascenseur ihagarika gukora. Urugero, mu bikoresho bifunga urugi rwo hasi n'urugi rw'imodoka,icyuma gifunguza mikoro ishobora kumenya neza niba urugi rufunze neza. Igihe cyose hari icyuho gito, bizatera uburinzi bw'umutekano. Utu dukingirizo tugomba gutsinda ibizamini bikomeye kugira ngo tudatsindwa nyuma y'ibikorwa ibihumbi mirongo byo gufungura no gufunga inzugi, bubaka uruzitiro rw'umutekano kuri buri mugenzi uri muri ascenseur.
Ingufuri z'inzugi z'umutekano mu nganda ni "abarinzi b'amarembo" mu kwirinda ibikorwa by'impanuka.
Mu nganda, imiryango y'umutekano ifite ingufuicyuma gifunguza mikoroni "abarinzi b'amarembo" barwanya impanuka. Iyo ibikoresho bitangiye gukora, igihe cyose umuntu agerageje gufungura urugi rwo kurinda,icyuma gifunguza mikoro izahagarika vuba umuriro w'amashanyarazi kandi itume ibikoresho bihagarara vuba kugira ngo hirindwe ko umukoresha yakomeretswa n'ibice bizenguruka cyane. Agaciro k'imbaraga n'umuvuduko w'ibi bihinduranya bifite amabwiriza akaze, kandi bigomba kugira icyo bikora mu masegonda make kugira ngo byongere "ubwishingizi bubiri" ku musaruro w'inganda.
Sisitemu z'umutekano w'imodoka ni zo "zitumanaho" ibimenyetso byo gufunga feri.
Amatara ya feri, amatara yo gushyiramo umwuka mu gikapu, n'ibindi, byose ni ingenziicyuma gifunguza mikoroes kugira ngo habeho umutekano mu gutwara. Iyo feri ihagaze, itara rya feri ryohereza ikimenyetso ako kanya, rikamurika itara rya feri rigatangira sisitemu ya ABS;icyuma gifunguza mikoro Imashini ipima aho intebe iherereye izahindura imbaraga z'umufuka w'umwuka ugaragara hakurikijwe uko umugenzi yicaye. Ubushobozi bw'izi swichi bugira ingaruka ku mutekano w'imodoka. Iyo zinaniwe, zishobora guteza impanuka nko kugongana inyuma no guturika ku bw'impanuka kw'umufuka w'umwuka. Kubwibyo, ibisabwa kugira ngo zikoreshwe neza ni byinshi cyane.
Icyemezo cy'umutekano ni "ubwishingizi bubiri" bw'ubwizigirwa.
Kugira ngo habeho imikorere yizewe ya micro Guhinduranya muri sisitemu z’ingenzi ku mutekano, hari amahame yemewe nka ISO 13849 na IEC 61508. Aya mahame ni nk'"imbonerahamwe z'ibizamini", ashyiraho ibimenyetso bihamye bijyanye n'igihe cyo guhinduranya, ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingaruka mbi, no kwihuza n'ibidukikije bikomeye. Mu gihe cyo kwemeza, guhinduranya bigomba kugeragezwa kenshi nko gushyuha cyane, guhindagura, n'umukungugu, urugero, muri ISO 13849 icyemezo, guhinduranya bigomba gutsinda ibizamini byinshi bya za cycle kugira ngo byemeze ko bitazatsindwa mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe kirekire. Ibicuruzwa byatsinze icyemezo ni byo byonyine bishobora gukoreshwa muri sisitemu z’ingenzi ku mutekano.
Umwanzuro
Mikoro Amashanyarazi mu buryo bw’ingenzi ku mutekano akoresha ibikorwa byihariye kugira ngo arinde umutekano w’ubuzima n’umusaruro. Amabwiriza akomeye yo kwemeza yongeraho "ubwishingizi bubiri" ku bwizerwa bwabyo, atuma buri shanyarazi rikora neza kandi ridafite amakosa. Hamwe no kunoza ubumenyi ku mutekano, aya mashanyarazi mato azakomeza kurinda mu rugamba rutagaragara kandi abe imbaraga zizewe cyane mu buryo bw’umutekano.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-29-2025
