Intangiriro
Imashini ntoya yo guhindura, igice gisa n'aho ari gito cyane cy'ikoranabuhanga, cyabaye igice cy'ingenzi cy'imikorere y'inganda, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa n'abaguzi, inganda zikora imodoka n'ibindi bintu bifite imiterere y' "ubwitonzi, bwizewe kandi buramba" kuva cyavuka. Iyi nkuru izasobanura iterambere ryayo rimaze ikinyejana, isuzume iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi n'ibigo bikomeye mu nganda, ndetse inarebe uko bizagenda mu bihe bizaza.
Isomo ry'Iterambere
Inkomoko n'Ikoreshwa rya Mbere (Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 -1950)
Icyitegererezo cy’udukingirizo duto gishobora gukurikiranwa kuva ku dukingirizo twa mekanike two mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20. Mu ntangiriro, icyuma gikoreshwa cyane cyane, imiterere yacyo yoroshye ariko yoroshye kwambara, kandi gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugenzura ibikoresho by’inganda. Mu 1933, Omron yo mu Buyapani yashinzwe, kandi ibicuruzwa byayo bya mbere, nk’udukingirizo twa mekanike, byatanze inkunga y’ingenzi ku miyoboro y’ibikorwa byikora kandi bishyiraho amahame ngenderwaho mu nganda.
Guha imbaraga ikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor (1950-2000)
Kubera iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rya semiconductor, imiyoboro mito y’amashanyarazi igenda isimbuza buhoro buhoro ibikoresho gakondo bya mekanike. Honeywell yatangije imiyoboro mito y’amashanyarazi mu myaka ya 1960, ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’indege; Panasonic yatangije imiyoboro mito cyane mu myaka ya 1980 kugira ngo ihuze n’ibikenewe byoroheje by’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bikoreshwa n’abaguzi. Muri iki cyiciro, Omron's SS series na Cherry's MX switch byabaye ibicuruzwa by’ingenzi mu bijyanye n’inganda n’ibikoresho bya elektroniki.
Ubuhanga n'Ubukungu bw'Isi (Kugeza Ikinyejana cya 21)
Interineti y'ibintu n'ikoranabuhanga rya 5G birimo guhindura uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu ntoya mu ikoranabuhanga. Urugero, ZF yateguye uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu ntoya mu modoka buhuza ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa sensor kugira ngo bugenzure neza imiterere y'inzugi; Dongnan Electronics yatangije uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu budashobora kwinjira mu mazi kugira ngo bufashe mu ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bishya byo gushyushya ingufu hanze. Mu 2023, ingano y'isoko ku isi yageze kuri miliyari 5.2 z'amayuan, kandi Ubushinwa bwabaye isoko rikura vuba cyane aho miliyari 1.21 z'amayuan zingana hafi kimwe cya kane.
Ibigo Bikuru n'Ibicuruzwa Bizwi
OMRON: Iyoboye ku isoko mpuzamahanga, D2FC-F-7N series mouse micro switch yayo yabaye igikoresho gisanzwe cy’ibikoresho bya siporo by’ikoranabuhanga bitewe n’uko imara igihe kinini (gukanda inshuro miliyoni 5), kandi iracyari iya mbere mu kugurishwa mu 2025.
Kailh: Isosiyete ihagarariye amasosiyete yo mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa, Black Mamba series silent switches, yigaruriye isoko ry’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga ku giciro gito kandi ikora neza cyane, kandi ibicuruzwa bimwe byagurishijwe birenga 4000 mu 2025.
Honeywell: Yibanda ku nganda zigezweho, imashini zayo zidashobora guturika zifite isoko rya 30% mu nganda zikora peteroli.
Ingendo z'ejo hazaza
Inganda zihanganye n'impinduka ebyiri zikomeye: imwe ni ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho bishya, nk'ibice bikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi bushingiye kuri ceramic (birwanya ubushyuhe bwa 400°C) n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga nanocoating kugira ngo birusheho kuba inyangamugayo mu bidukikije bikomeye; Icya kabiri, intego yo kudakoresha karubone itera inganda ku bidukikije, kandi amasosiyete nka Delixi agabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere ku kigero cya 15% binyuze mu kunoza imikorere. Biteganyijwe ko ingano y'isoko ku isi izarenga miliyari 6.3 z'amayuan mu 2030. Imodoka zikoresha ingufu zigezweho mu ngo n'izikoresha ingufu nshya zizaba ingingo y'ingenzi y'iterambere.
Umwanzuro
Amateka y’ihindagurika ry’imashini nto, kuva ku "barinzi batagaragara" b’imashini z’inganda kugeza ku "mitsi" y’ibikoresho by’ubwenge, agaragaza inzira yo kuvugurura inganda zigezweho. Hamwe no kwaguka kw’imipaka y’ikoranabuhanga, iki gice gito kizakomeza kugira uruhare rudasimburwa mu ruhererekane rw’inganda ku isi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-27-2025
