Udushya mu bikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nke bitera impinduka mu nganda
Bitewe n’intego ebyiri z’intego mpuzamahanga yo kutagira karuboni ikoreshwa mu kurengera ibidukikije no gukangurira abaguzi kurengera ibidukikije, inganda zikoresha microswitch zikora ku ikoranabuhanga ririmo guhinduka mu buryo burambye. Abakora ibicuruzwa bitabira ubuyobozi bwa politiki n’ibyo isoko risaba binyuze mu guhanga udushya mu bikoresho, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nke, no gushushanya ibintu bishobora kongera gukoreshwa, bikihutisha iterambere ry’inganda rigana ku iterambere rirambye.
Bitewe na politiki n'imbaraga z'isoko, ibisabwa mu kurengera ibidukikije byabaye intego y'inganda
Dukurikije "Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu yo kubungabunga ingufu no guteza imbere inyubako zibungabunga ibidukikije", bitarenze 2025, Ubushinwa buzaba bwarangije kuvugurura inyubako zisanzwe zifite metero kare miliyoni 350 kandi bwubatse inyubako zisaga metero kare miliyoni 50 zikoresha ingufu nke cyane. Iyi ntego yatumye imikoranire yose mu ruhererekane rw'inganda ihinduka, kandi urwego rw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga narwo ni uko. "Gahunda yo gushyira mu bikorwa ikoreshwa ry'ibidukikije" yatanzwe na Komisiyo y'Igihugu Ishinzwe Iterambere n'Ivugurura ikomeza gusobanura ko isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bibungabunga ibidukikije n'ibikomoka kuri karuboni nke rigomba kongerwa cyane, kandi kubungabunga ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije byabaye ibipimo by'ingenzi by'udushya mu bigo.
Ku ruhande rw'isoko, ubushake bw'amatsinda y'abaguzi bakiri bato ku bicuruzwa bihumanya ikirere bwariyongereye cyane. Amakuru agaragaza ko abashobora gukoresha imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu mu myaka ya nyuma ya za 80 na nyuma ya za 90 barenga kimwe cya kabiri, kandi igipimo cy'ubwiyongere bw'ibicuruzwa byo mu rugo bizigama ingufu cyarenze 100%. Iki gitekerezo cyo "gusaba imikorere myiza no kurengera ibidukikije" cyatumye abakora ibicuruzwa bihuza imiterere y'ibidukikije mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima bw'ibicuruzwa.
Udushya mu bikoresho
Ibikoresho gakondo byibanda cyane ku byuma bifatanye n'udusanduku twa pulasitiki, ibyo bikaba byateza ibyago byo gukoresha umutungo no kwanduzanya. Muri iki gihe, abakora ibikoresho banyuze muri iki kibazo binyuze mu gukoresha ibikoresho bishya:
1. Ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byoroshye na polimeri ziyobora amashanyarazi: Ibikoresho byoroshye bituma swichi zihuza n'ibikoresho byo hejuru bigoramye, bigabanya ubukana bw'imiterere; polimeri ziyobora amashanyarazi zisimbura ibyuma bihuza ibyuma, bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika no kongera igihe cyo kubaho.
2. Ibikoresho bishobora kubora: Urugero, imashini ikora ibikoresho bya triboelectric ikoresheje imyenda ya kotoni yakozwe na Kaminuza ya Wuhan Textile, ikoresha ibikoresho bishobora kongera gukoreshwa nka chitosan na aside phytic, ihuza uburyo umuriro udakora neza kandi udashobora kubora, igatanga ibitekerezo bishya ku gishushanyo cy'amazu yo gusimbuza.
3. Igishushanyo cy'ibice bishobora kongera gukoreshwa: Microswitch ya Jiuyou Microelectronics igabanya ikoreshwa ry'icyuma binyuze mu buryo butagira aho buhuriye, bigatuma ibice byoroha kubisambura no kongera gukoreshwa, kandi ikagabanya ikorwa ry'imyanda y'ikoranabuhanga.
Ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nke
Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo kurengera ibidukikije ku bice by'ikoranabuhanga. Fata urugero rwa Jiuyou Microelectronics. Microswitch yayo ya magnetic induction isimbuza uburyo bwa mekanike busanzwe n'amahame yo kugenzura magnetism, ikagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu ku kigero kirenga 50%. Ikwiriye cyane cyane mu bihe bikoresha bateri nk'amazu agezweho, yongera cyane igihe bateri ikoresha. Igisubizo cya Wi-Fi cy'insinga imwe cyatangijwe na Espressif Technology gikoresha chip ya ESP32-C3, ifite ingufu za 5μA gusa, ikemura ikibazo cy'itara ricana bitewe n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nyinshi mu bisubizo bisanzwe.
Byongeye kandi, nanogenerator ya triboelectric ikora neza cyane (TENG) yakozwe na Kaminuza ya Tianjin Polytechnic ishobora guhindura uburyo bwayo bwo gukora hakurikijwe ubushyuhe bw'ikirere, itangirira kuri 0℃ hanyuma igafunga kuri 60℃, igatanga ingufu zikenewe kandi igatanga imbaraga zambukiranya imipaka mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ubwenge no kubungabunga ingufu z'amadirishya.
Isesengura ry'imanza
Microswitch ya magnetic induction yashyizwe ahagaragara na Jiuyou Microelectronics mu 2024 ni urugero rwiza mu nganda. Ibyiza byayo by'ingenzi birimo:
Igishushanyo mbonera kidakoraho: Gusimbuza gukoraho imiterere y'umubiri n'ihame ryo gukoresha ingufu za rukuruzi, kwangirika biragabanuka kandi igihe cyo kubaho kikiyongeraho inshuro eshatu;
Guhuza bikomeye: Udupira tw'amashanyarazi dutatu duhura n'ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho, dushyigikira ibintu nk'ibikoresho byo mu rugo bigezweho n'ibikoresho by'inganda;
Ingufu nke zikoreshwa: Zigabanya ingufu 60% ugereranije n'izisanzwe, zigafasha ibikoresho bya terminal kongera igihe cyo gukoresha bateri.
Iri koranabuhanga ntiryubahiriza gusa amahame ya EU RoHS yo kurengera ibidukikije, ahubwo rinagabanya kwishingikiriza ku byuma bidasanzwe kandi rigabanya karuboni mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa, bigatuma riba urugero rusanzwe rw'inganda zikora ibintu bidafite ibidukikije.
Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Uko sisitemu yo kwemeza imiterere ya karuboni igenda itera imbere buhoro buhoro, ibigo bigomba gushyira mu bikorwa ibitekerezo byo kurengera ibidukikije mu ruhererekane rwose, kuva ku bikoresho, umusaruro kugeza ku kongera gukoresha. Impuguke zivuga ko binyuze mu buryo bwo gushishikariza abantu nka "credits de carbone", abaguzi bakwiye kurushaho gushishikarizwa guhitamo ibicuruzwa bidahumanya ibidukikije. Udushya tw’ibigo nka Jiuyou na Espressif tugaragaza ko kurengera ibidukikije n’imikorere yabyo bitanyuranyije - ibicuruzwa bikoresha ingufu nke, biramba kandi bihuye neza birimo kuba ibintu bishya bikunzwe ku isoko.
Bishobora kugaragara ko impinduramatwara ku bidukikije mu nganda zikoresha microswitch zizatuma zirushaho kwinjira mu nganda zose, zigateza imbere inganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga zigana ku "ejo hazaza hatazagira karubone".
Igihe cyo kohereza: 29 Mata 2025
